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- require 'rails/railtie'
- require 'active_support/core_ext/module/delegation'
- require 'pathname'
- require 'rbconfig'
- require 'rails/engine/railties'
- module Rails
- # <tt>Rails::Engine</tt> allows you to wrap a specific Rails application or subset of
- # functionality and share it with other applications. Since Rails 3.0, every
- # <tt>Rails::Application</tt> is just an engine, which allows for simple
- # feature and application sharing.
- #
- # Any <tt>Rails::Engine</tt> is also a <tt>Rails::Railtie</tt>, so the same
- # methods (like <tt>rake_tasks</tt> and +generators+) and configuration
- # options that are available in railties can also be used in engines.
- #
- # == Creating an Engine
- #
- # In Rails versions prior to 3.0, your gems automatically behaved as engines, however,
- # this coupled Rails to Rubygems. Since Rails 3.0, if you want a gem to automatically
- # behave as an engine, you have to specify an +Engine+ for it somewhere inside
- # your plugin's +lib+ folder (similar to how we specify a +Railtie+):
- #
- # # lib/my_engine.rb
- # module MyEngine
- # class Engine < Rails::Engine
- # end
- # end
- #
- # Then ensure that this file is loaded at the top of your <tt>config/application.rb</tt>
- # (or in your +Gemfile+) and it will automatically load models, controllers and helpers
- # inside +app+, load routes at <tt>config/routes.rb</tt>, load locales at
- # <tt>config/locales/*</tt>, and load tasks at <tt>lib/tasks/*</tt>.
- #
- # == Configuration
- #
- # Besides the +Railtie+ configuration which is shared across the application, in a
- # <tt>Rails::Engine</tt> you can access <tt>autoload_paths</tt>, <tt>eager_load_paths</tt>
- # and <tt>autoload_once_paths</tt>, which, differently from a <tt>Railtie</tt>, are scoped to
- # the current engine.
- #
- # Example:
- #
- # class MyEngine < Rails::Engine
- # # Add a load path for this specific Engine
- # config.autoload_paths << File.expand_path("../lib/some/path", __FILE__)
- #
- # initializer "my_engine.add_middleware" do |app|
- # app.middleware.use MyEngine::Middleware
- # end
- # end
- #
- # == Generators
- #
- # You can set up generators for engines with <tt>config.generators</tt> method:
- #
- # class MyEngine < Rails::Engine
- # config.generators do |g|
- # g.orm :active_record
- # g.template_engine :erb
- # g.test_framework :test_unit
- # end
- # end
- #
- # You can also set generators for an application by using <tt>config.app_generators</tt>:
- #
- # class MyEngine < Rails::Engine
- # # note that you can also pass block to app_generators in the same way you
- # # can pass it to generators method
- # config.app_generators.orm :datamapper
- # end
- #
- # == Paths
- #
- # Since Rails 3.0, applications and engines have more flexible path configuration (as
- # opposed to the previous hardcoded path configuration). This means that you are not
- # required to place your controllers at <tt>app/controllers</tt>, but in any place
- # which you find convenient.
- #
- # For example, let's suppose you want to place your controllers in <tt>lib/controllers</tt>.
- # You can set that as an option:
- #
- # class MyEngine < Rails::Engine
- # paths["app/controllers"] = "lib/controllers"
- # end
- #
- # You can also have your controllers loaded from both <tt>app/controllers</tt> and
- # <tt>lib/controllers</tt>:
- #
- # class MyEngine < Rails::Engine
- # paths["app/controllers"] << "lib/controllers"
- # end
- #
- # The available paths in an engine are:
- #
- # class MyEngine < Rails::Engine
- # paths["app"] # => ["app"]
- # paths["app/controllers"] # => ["app/controllers"]
- # paths["app/helpers"] # => ["app/helpers"]
- # paths["app/models"] # => ["app/models"]
- # paths["app/views"] # => ["app/views"]
- # paths["lib"] # => ["lib"]
- # paths["lib/tasks"] # => ["lib/tasks"]
- # paths["config"] # => ["config"]
- # paths["config/initializers"] # => ["config/initializers"]
- # paths["config/locales"] # => ["config/locales"]
- # paths["config/routes"] # => ["config/routes.rb"]
- # end
- #
- # The <tt>Application</tt> class adds a couple more paths to this set. And as in your
- # <tt>Application</tt>, all folders under +app+ are automatically added to the load path.
- # If you have an <tt>app/observers</tt> folder for example, it will be added by default.
- #
- # == Endpoint
- #
- # An engine can be also a rack application. It can be useful if you have a rack application that
- # you would like to wrap with +Engine+ and provide some of the +Engine+'s features.
- #
- # To do that, use the +endpoint+ method:
- #
- # module MyEngine
- # class Engine < Rails::Engine
- # endpoint MyRackApplication
- # end
- # end
- #
- # Now you can mount your engine in application's routes just like that:
- #
- # MyRailsApp::Application.routes.draw do
- # mount MyEngine::Engine => "/engine"
- # end
- #
- # == Middleware stack
- #
- # As an engine can now be a rack endpoint, it can also have a middleware
- # stack. The usage is exactly the same as in <tt>Application</tt>:
- #
- # module MyEngine
- # class Engine < Rails::Engine
- # middleware.use SomeMiddleware
- # end
- # end
- #
- # == Routes
- #
- # If you don't specify an endpoint, routes will be used as the default
- # endpoint. You can use them just like you use an application's routes:
- #
- # # ENGINE/config/routes.rb
- # MyEngine::Engine.routes.draw do
- # match "/" => "posts#index"
- # end
- #
- # == Mount priority
- #
- # Note that now there can be more than one router in your application, and it's better to avoid
- # passing requests through many routers. Consider this situation:
- #
- # MyRailsApp::Application.routes.draw do
- # mount MyEngine::Engine => "/blog"
- # match "/blog/omg" => "main#omg"
- # end
- #
- # +MyEngine+ is mounted at <tt>/blog</tt>, and <tt>/blog/omg</tt> points to application's
- # controller. In such a situation, requests to <tt>/blog/omg</tt> will go through +MyEngine+,
- # and if there is no such route in +Engine+'s routes, it will be dispatched to <tt>main#omg</tt>.
- # It's much better to swap that:
- #
- # MyRailsApp::Application.routes.draw do
- # match "/blog/omg" => "main#omg"
- # mount MyEngine::Engine => "/blog"
- # end
- #
- # Now, +Engine+ will get only requests that were not handled by +Application+.
- #
- # == Engine name
- #
- # There are some places where an Engine's name is used:
- #
- # * routes: when you mount an Engine with <tt>mount(MyEngine::Engine => '/my_engine')</tt>,
- # it's used as default :as option
- # * some of the rake tasks are based on engine name, e.g. <tt>my_engine:install:migrations</tt>,
- # <tt>my_engine:install:assets</tt>
- #
- # Engine name is set by default based on class name. For <tt>MyEngine::Engine</tt> it will be
- # <tt>my_engine_engine</tt>. You can change it manually using the <tt>engine_name</tt> method:
- #
- # module MyEngine
- # class Engine < Rails::Engine
- # engine_name "my_engine"
- # end
- # end
- #
- # == Isolated Engine
- #
- # Normally when you create controllers, helpers and models inside an engine, they are treated
- # as if they were created inside the application itself. This means that all helpers and
- # named routes from the application will be available to your engine's controllers as well.
- #
- # However, sometimes you want to isolate your engine from the application, especially if your engine
- # has its own router. To do that, you simply need to call +isolate_namespace+. This method requires
- # you to pass a module where all your controllers, helpers and models should be nested to:
- #
- # module MyEngine
- # class Engine < Rails::Engine
- # isolate_namespace MyEngine
- # end
- # end
- #
- # With such an engine, everything that is inside the +MyEngine+ module will be isolated from
- # the application.
- #
- # Consider such controller:
- #
- # module MyEngine
- # class FooController < ActionController::Base
- # end
- # end
- #
- # If an engine is marked as isolated, +FooController+ has access only to helpers from +Engine+ and
- # <tt>url_helpers</tt> from <tt>MyEngine::Engine.routes</tt>.
- #
- # The next thing that changes in isolated engines is the behavior of routes. Normally, when you namespace
- # your controllers, you also need to do namespace all your routes. With an isolated engine,
- # the namespace is applied by default, so you can ignore it in routes:
- #
- # MyEngine::Engine.routes.draw do
- # resources :articles
- # end
- #
- # The routes above will automatically point to <tt>MyEngine::ApplicationController</tt>. Furthermore, you don't
- # need to use longer url helpers like <tt>my_engine_articles_path</tt>. Instead, you should simply use
- # <tt>articles_path</tt> as you would do with your application.
- #
- # To make that behavior consistent with other parts of the framework, an isolated engine also has influence on
- # <tt>ActiveModel::Naming</tt>. When you use a namespaced model, like <tt>MyEngine::Article</tt>, it will normally
- # use the prefix "my_engine". In an isolated engine, the prefix will be omitted in url helpers and
- # form fields for convenience.
- #
- # polymorphic_url(MyEngine::Article.new) # => "articles_path"
- #
- # form_for(MyEngine::Article.new) do
- # text_field :title # => <input type="text" name="article[title]" id="article_title" />
- # end
- #
- # Additionally, an isolated engine will set its name according to namespace, so
- # MyEngine::Engine.engine_name will be "my_engine". It will also set MyEngine.table_name_prefix
- # to "my_engine_", changing the MyEngine::Article model to use the my_engine_articles table.
- #
- # == Using Engine's routes outside Engine
- #
- # Since you can now mount an engine inside application's routes, you do not have direct access to +Engine+'s
- # <tt>url_helpers</tt> inside +Application+. When you mount an engine in an application's routes, a special helper is
- # created to allow you to do that. Consider such a scenario:
- #
- # # config/routes.rb
- # MyApplication::Application.routes.draw do
- # mount MyEngine::Engine => "/my_engine", :as => "my_engine"
- # match "/foo" => "foo#index"
- # end
- #
- # Now, you can use the <tt>my_engine</tt> helper inside your application:
- #
- # class FooController < ApplicationController
- # def index
- # my_engine.root_url #=> /my_engine/
- # end
- # end
- #
- # There is also a <tt>main_app</tt> helper that gives you access to application's routes inside Engine:
- #
- # module MyEngine
- # class BarController
- # def index
- # main_app.foo_path #=> /foo
- # end
- # end
- # end
- #
- # Note that the <tt>:as</tt> option given to mount takes the <tt>engine_name</tt> as default, so most of the time
- # you can simply omit it.
- #
- # Finally, if you want to generate a url to an engine's route using
- # <tt>polymorphic_url</tt>, you also need to pass the engine helper. Let's
- # say that you want to create a form pointing to one of the engine's routes.
- # All you need to do is pass the helper as the first element in array with
- # attributes for url:
- #
- # form_for([my_engine, @user])
- #
- # This code will use <tt>my_engine.user_path(@user)</tt> to generate the proper route.
- #
- # == Isolated engine's helpers
- #
- # Sometimes you may want to isolate engine, but use helpers that are defined for it.
- # If you want to share just a few specific helpers you can add them to application's
- # helpers in ApplicationController:
- #
- # class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
- # helper MyEngine::SharedEngineHelper
- # end
- #
- # If you want to include all of the engine's helpers, you can use #helpers method on an engine's
- # instance:
- #
- # class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
- # helper MyEngine::Engine.helpers
- # end
- #
- # It will include all of the helpers from engine's directory. Take into account that this does
- # not include helpers defined in controllers with helper_method or other similar solutions,
- # only helpers defined in the helpers directory will be included.
- #
- # == Migrations & seed data
- #
- # Engines can have their own migrations. The default path for migrations is exactly the same
- # as in application: <tt>db/migrate</tt>
- #
- # To use engine's migrations in application you can use rake task, which copies them to
- # application's dir:
- #
- # rake ENGINE_NAME:install:migrations
- #
- # Note that some of the migrations may be skipped if a migration with the same name already exists
- # in application. In such a situation you must decide whether to leave that migration or rename the
- # migration in the application and rerun copying migrations.
- #
- # If your engine has migrations, you may also want to prepare data for the database in
- # the <tt>seeds.rb</tt> file. You can load that data using the <tt>load_seed</tt> method, e.g.
- #
- # MyEngine::Engine.load_seed
- #
- # == Loading priority
- #
- # In order to change engine's priority you can use config.railties_order in main application.
- # It will affect the priority of loading views, helpers, assets and all the other files
- # related to engine or application.
- #
- # Example:
- #
- # # load Blog::Engine with highest priority, followed by application and other railties
- # config.railties_order = [Blog::Engine, :main_app, :all]
- #
- class Engine < Railtie
- autoload :Configuration, "rails/engine/configuration"
- autoload :Railties, "rails/engine/railties"
- def load_generators(app=self)
- initialize_generators
- railties.all { |r| r.load_generators(app) }
- Rails::Generators.configure!(app.config.generators)
- super
- self
- end
- class << self
- attr_accessor :called_from, :isolated
- alias :isolated? :isolated
- alias :engine_name :railtie_name
- def inherited(base)
- unless base.abstract_railtie?
- base.called_from = begin
- # Remove the line number from backtraces making sure we don't leave anything behind
- call_stack = caller.map { |p| p.sub(/:\d+.*/, '') }
- File.dirname(call_stack.detect { |p| p !~ %r[railties[\w.-]*/lib/rails|rack[\w.-]*/lib/rack] })
- end
- end
- super
- end
- def endpoint(endpoint = nil)
- @endpoint ||= nil
- @endpoint = endpoint if endpoint
- @endpoint
- end
- def isolate_namespace(mod)
- engine_name(generate_railtie_name(mod))
- self.routes.default_scope = { :module => ActiveSupport::Inflector.underscore(mod.name) }
- self.isolated = true
- unless mod.respond_to?(:railtie_namespace)
- name, railtie = engine_name, self
- mod.singleton_class.instance_eval do
- define_method(:railtie_namespace) { railtie }
- unless mod.respond_to?(:table_name_prefix)
- define_method(:table_name_prefix) { "#{name}_" }
- end
- unless mod.respond_to?(:use_relative_model_naming?)
- class_eval "def use_relative_model_naming?; true; end", __FILE__, __LINE__
- end
- unless mod.respond_to?(:railtie_helpers_paths)
- define_method(:railtie_helpers_paths) { railtie.helpers_paths }
- end
- unless mod.respond_to?(:railtie_routes_url_helpers)
- define_method(:railtie_routes_url_helpers) { railtie.routes_url_helpers }
- end
- end
- end
- end
- # Finds engine with given path
- def find(path)
- expanded_path = File.expand_path path.to_s
- Rails::Engine::Railties.engines.find { |engine|
- File.expand_path(engine.root.to_s) == expanded_path
- }
- end
- end
- delegate :middleware, :root, :paths, :to => :config
- delegate :engine_name, :isolated?, :to => "self.class"
- def load_tasks(app=self)
- railties.all { |r| r.load_tasks(app) }
- super
- paths["lib/tasks"].existent.sort.each { |ext| load(ext) }
- end
- def load_console(app=self)
- railties.all { |r| r.load_console(app) }
- super
- end
- def eager_load!
- railties.all(&:eager_load!)
- config.eager_load_paths.each do |load_path|
- matcher = /\A#{Regexp.escape(load_path)}\/(.*)\.rb\Z/
- Dir.glob("#{load_path}/**/*.rb").sort.each do |file|
- require_dependency file.sub(matcher, '\1')
- end
- end
- end
- def railties
- @railties ||= self.class::Railties.new(config)
- end
- def helpers
- @helpers ||= begin
- helpers = Module.new
- all = ActionController::Base.all_helpers_from_path(helpers_paths)
- ActionController::Base.modules_for_helpers(all).each do |mod|
- helpers.send(:include, mod)
- end
- helpers
- end
- end
- def helpers_paths
- paths["app/helpers"].existent
- end
- def routes_url_helpers
- routes.url_helpers
- end
- def app
- @app ||= begin
- config.middleware = config.middleware.merge_into(default_middleware_stack)
- config.middleware.build(endpoint)
- end
- end
- def endpoint
- self.class.endpoint || routes
- end
- def call(env)
- app.call(env.merge!(env_config))
- end
- def env_config
- @env_config ||= {
- 'action_dispatch.routes' => routes
- }
- end
- def routes
- @routes ||= ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new
- @routes.append(&Proc.new) if block_given?
- @routes
- end
- def ordered_railties
- railties.all + [self]
- end
- def initializers
- initializers = []
- ordered_railties.each do |r|
- if r == self
- initializers += super
- else
- initializers += r.initializers
- end
- end
- initializers
- end
- def config
- @config ||= Engine::Configuration.new(find_root_with_flag("lib"))
- end
- # Load data from db/seeds.rb file. It can be used in to load engines'
- # seeds, e.g.:
- #
- # Blog::Engine.load_seed
- def load_seed
- seed_file = paths["db/seeds"].existent.first
- load(seed_file) if seed_file
- end
- # Add configured load paths to ruby load paths and remove duplicates.
- initializer :set_load_path, :before => :bootstrap_hook do
- _all_load_paths.reverse_each do |path|
- $LOAD_PATH.unshift(path) if File.directory?(path)
- end
- $LOAD_PATH.uniq!
- end
- # Set the paths from which Rails will automatically load source files,
- # and the load_once paths.
- #
- # This needs to be an initializer, since it needs to run once
- # per engine and get the engine as a block parameter
- initializer :set_autoload_paths, :before => :bootstrap_hook do |app|
- ActiveSupport::Dependencies.autoload_paths.unshift(*_all_autoload_paths)
- ActiveSupport::Dependencies.autoload_once_paths.unshift(*_all_autoload_once_paths)
- # Freeze so future modifications will fail rather than do nothing mysteriously
- config.autoload_paths.freeze
- config.eager_load_paths.freeze
- config.autoload_once_paths.freeze
- end
- initializer :add_routing_paths do |app|
- paths = self.paths["config/routes"].existent
- if routes? || paths.any?
- app.routes_reloader.paths.unshift(*paths)
- app.routes_reloader.route_sets << routes
- end
- end
- # I18n load paths are a special case since the ones added
- # later have higher priority.
- initializer :add_locales do
- config.i18n.railties_load_path.concat(paths["config/locales"].existent)
- end
- initializer :add_view_paths do
- views = paths["app/views"].existent
- unless views.empty?
- ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller){ prepend_view_path(views) }
- ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_mailer){ prepend_view_path(views) }
- end
- end
- initializer :load_environment_config, :before => :load_environment_hook, :group => :all do
- environment = paths["config/environments"].existent.first
- require environment if environment
- end
- initializer :append_assets_path, :group => :all do |app|
- app.config.assets.paths.unshift(*paths["vendor/assets"].existent_directories)
- app.config.assets.paths.unshift(*paths["lib/assets"].existent_directories)
- app.config.assets.paths.unshift(*paths["app/assets"].existent_directories)
- end
- initializer :prepend_helpers_path do |app|
- if !isolated? || (app == self)
- app.config.helpers_paths.unshift(*paths["app/helpers"].existent)
- end
- end
- initializer :load_config_initializers do
- config.paths["config/initializers"].existent.sort.each do |initializer|
- load(initializer)
- end
- end
- initializer :engines_blank_point do
- # We need this initializer so all extra initializers added in engines are
- # consistently executed after all the initializers above across all engines.
- end
- rake_tasks do
- next if self.is_a?(Rails::Application)
- next unless has_migrations?
- namespace railtie_name do
- namespace :install do
- desc "Copy migrations from #{railtie_name} to application"
- task :migrations do
- ENV["FROM"] = railtie_name
- Rake::Task["railties:install:migrations"].invoke
- end
- end
- end
- end
- protected
- def initialize_generators
- require "rails/generators"
- end
- def routes?
- defined?(@routes)
- end
- def has_migrations?
- paths["db/migrate"].existent.any?
- end
- def find_root_with_flag(flag, default=nil)
- root_path = self.class.called_from
- while root_path && File.directory?(root_path) && !File.exist?("#{root_path}/#{flag}")
- parent = File.dirname(root_path)
- root_path = parent != root_path && parent
- end
- root = File.exist?("#{root_path}/#{flag}") ? root_path : default
- raise "Could not find root path for #{self}" unless root
- RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os'] =~ /mswin|mingw/ ?
- Pathname.new(root).expand_path : Pathname.new(root).realpath
- end
- def default_middleware_stack
- ActionDispatch::MiddlewareStack.new
- end
- def _all_autoload_once_paths
- config.autoload_once_paths
- end
- def _all_autoload_paths
- @_all_autoload_paths ||= (config.autoload_paths + config.eager_load_paths + config.autoload_once_paths).uniq
- end
- def _all_load_paths
- @_all_load_paths ||= (config.paths.load_paths + _all_autoload_paths).uniq
- end
- end
- end
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